Teacher Talk Analysis in the Learning Video ”Descriptive Text’’ from MAS PONPES Darul Qur’an Through Sinclair and Coulthard Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61132/sintaksis.v3i6.2307Keywords:
Classroom Interaction, Descriptive Text, IRF Structure, Student-Centered Learning, Teacher DiscourseAbstract
This study aimed to analyze teacher conversations in the “Descriptive Text” learning video from MAS Ponpes Darul Qur'an using Sinclair and Coulthard's discourse model. With a qualitative descriptive design, data were collected through video observation and transcribed to identify exchanges, movements, and actions in classroom interactions. The results show that the Initiation–Response–Follow-up (IRF) structure dominates classroom discourse, with teachers taking most of the initiative through questions, explanations, and directions, while students generally provide brief and limited responses. Teacher follow-ups are mostly evaluative, using praise and confirmation, which helps maintain motivation but does not expand student cooperation. The discussion highlights that while this teacher-centered approach ensures clarity, structure, and regularity, it also limits opportunities for students to provide longer and more creative responses. The study concludes that teacher talk has a dual role: as a facilitator of learning and as an obstacle when it is too dominant. More varied strategies, such as open-ended questions and in-depth feedback, are recommended to create a more interactive and student-centered classroom environment.
Downloads
References
Allwright, D., & Bailey, K. M. (1991). Focus on the language classroom: An introduction to classroom research for language teachers. Cambridge University Press.
Amidon, E. J., & Hough, J. B. (1967). Interaction analysis: Theory, research, and application. Addison-Wesley.
Azizah, Z. (2020). Classroom interaction in English language learning [Repository]. Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto.
Bellack, A. A., Kliebard, H. M., Hyman, R. T., & Smith, F. L. (1966). The language of the classroom. Teachers College Press.
Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of language learning and teaching (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
Cazden, C. B. (1988). Classroom discourse: The language of teaching and learning. Heinemann.
Chaudron, C. (1988). Second language classrooms: Research on teaching and learning. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139524469
Dagarin, M. (2004). Classroom interaction and communication strategies in learning English as a foreign language. ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries, 1(1–2), 127–139. https://doi.org/10.4312/elope.1.1-2.127-139
Flanders, N. A. (1965). Teacher influence, pupil attitudes, and achievement. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Flanders, N. A. (1970). Analyzing teacher behavior. Addison-Wesley.
Hasanah, U., Sari, N. A., & Husein, R. (2024). Initiation-response-feedback (IRF) pattern of Sinclair and Coulthard model in English classroom interaction. Sintaksis: Publikasi Para Ahli Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris, 2(5), 340–348. https://doi.org/10.61132/sintaksis.v2i5.1102
Hashmi, S. G. (2025). Sinclair and Coulthard model: Understanding linguistic choices and patterns in classroom teaching. International Journal of Teaching, Learning and Education, 4(3), 111–115. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijtle.4.3.14
Kurniadi, D., & Suprapto, S. (2025). FIACS classroom interaction analysis of teacher talk in teaching narrative text using Android media. Journal of Language and Health, 6(1), 161–170.
Maghfur, B. (2021). A classroom discourse analysis of teacher-students interaction: A case study on Sinclair and Coulthard’s model at Madrasah Tsanawiyah NU 15 Jurangagung. Journal of English Language and Pedagogy, 4(1), 40–47. https://doi.org/10.36597/jelp.v4i1.9272
Nunan, D. (1989). Understanding language classrooms: A guide for teacher-initiated action. Prentice Hall.
Nurhidayah, M. I., Kurniawati, N., & Nurwanti, D. I. (2021). A portrait of Indonesian EFL teacher talk and student talk in international teaching practicum: Thailand classroom context. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture and Education (ICOLLITE 2021) (pp. 420–425). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211119.068
Putri, N. A. (2022). The effects of classroom interaction on students’ participation in learning. Indonesian Journal of Language Education and Learning.
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511667305
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2014). Approaches and methods in language teaching (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009024532
Sari, D. P. (2021). The analysis of classroom interaction in English class using foreign language interaction [Manuscript]. ResearchGate.
Sinclair, J. McH., & Coulthard, R. M. (1975). Towards an analysis of discourse: The English used by teachers and pupils. Oxford University Press.
Solita, R., Harahap, A., & Lubis, A. A. (2021). Teacher talk in English foreign language classroom. Journal of English Education and Teaching, 5(2), 302–316. https://doi.org/10.33369/jeet.5.2.302-316
Suherdi, D. (2010). Classroom discourse analysis: A system functional perspective. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 1(1), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v1i1.96
Suryani, D., Supriyanto, A., & Atmoko, A. (2021). Teacher talk and student talk in English classroom. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on English Language and Teaching (ELTLT 2021) (pp. 146–151). EAI. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.14-8-2021.2317642
Wells, G. (1993). Reevaluating the IRF sequence: A proposal for the articulation of theories of activity and discourse for the analysis of teaching and learning in the classroom. Linguistics and Education, 5(1), 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0898-5898(05)80001-4
Wulandari, R., & Kurniasih, E. (2022). The application of IRF discourse model on EFL university students. Journal of English Language and Education, 8(2), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.21009/jele.082.07
Xu, H. (2023). Shaping student responses into academic expressions: Teacher talk and classroom interaction in bilingual education. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 26(10), 1345–1362. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2023.2232089
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sintaksis : Publikasi Para ahli Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
